生物英语系列小短文（三）Characteristics of Living Organisms_生物论文

1.Movement :ability to move from point A topoint B

2.Growth :ability to increase in size

3.Reproduction :ability to create more ofit‘s own kind

4.Metabolism :the sum of all the chemicalchanges taking place in an organism

5.Respiration :the exchange of gases

6.Response :ability to respond to changesin the environment

7.Communication :ability to communicatewith others of the same species

8.Excretion :Waste disposal

9.Containing Coded instructions - DNA

10.More complex and organized compared tonon living organisms

All Life Processes require energy

Energy:Defined as the capacity todo work.

Free Energy:NRG usable by cells.

Animals use chemical energy,plants use light energy

Autotrophs(自养生物) : Producers（生产者）- organisms that produce theirown food :plants, some microbes, use photosynthesis

Heterotrophs（异养生物）:Consumers（消费者） - organisms that feed offother organisms. All animals, fungi, microbes

Herbivores（草食动物）:plant caters

Carnivores（食肉动物）:meat eaters

Omnivores（杂食动物）:both meat and plant eaters

Decomposers（腐食动物）:eats decaying material