从NMET2000的E短文谈阅读技巧_英语论文

Excused from recycling（回收利用）because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute（垃圾道）？You won't be for long．Miami's Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and recycle too．

In Shantzis's Hi-rise Recycling System，a chute leads to a pie-shaped container with six boxes that can turn around when operated．The system，which fits in the same space as the chute and container now in use，enables glass，plastic，paper，metal，and other rubbish to go into separate boxes．

The system is controlled from a board fixed next to the chute door．The board has a button for each class of recycling materials（as well as for unrecyclables）．At the press of a button，a microcomputer locks all other floors' chute doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute．The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full．And a particular piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables．

Sorting（分类）recyclables before they are collected saves the use of expensive materials recovery equipment which otherwise has to do the sorting．Such equipment often makes recycled materials very expensive，so expensive that tons of recyclables remain wasted．Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials become more cost-effective．

67．The purpose in writing this text is ____ ．

68．When he says“You won't be long”the writer means that ____ ．

69．Before dropping rubbish into the chute you have to ____ ．

70．The biggest advantage of this new system is that ____ ．

1．抓关键词语，感悟主要信息

每一个句子，每个词的句法功能和信息含量是不一样的。基于此，正确的做法应是加大视觉范围，识别并抓住那些与主题信息有关的词，通过这些词的信息连缀，以跳读的方式提高阅读速度。如：短文第一段需突出下面几个词：Excused from recycling…because…live…high rise？You won't…long．Shantzis…made…simple…those in tall buildings…use chute…recycle too．

通过这些词的连缀可感知其主要含义为：高层住宅的居民不久将同样方便地利用一套新的系统装置，实现垃圾的回收再利用。

2．充分利用主题句，实现信息定位

上文中最后一段第一句可视为这一段的主题句，主要说明“先分类后收集可免用昂贵的material recovery设备。70题恰好涉及这一点。

3．分段概括，了解文章的结构层次

这篇短文中第一段最后一句为主题句，可概括为“介绍一个新的供高层住宅使用的废物回收利用装置”；第二段概括为“该系统的结构”；第三段可概括为“这套系统装置的工作方式”；第四段可概括为“该系统的优点”。不难看出通篇是围绕着“the recycling system”介绍的。那么67题不难看出答案。

4．正确分析句子结构，扫清阅读障碍

上面短文中第一段前两句很多学生就没有读懂，其实通过分析不难看出，在Excuses的前面省略了Are you两个词。还有就是第二句很多学生没有理解透彻，其实如果把第一句嵌入be和for之间，意思就不难领会了。自然68题答案就明显了。

5．审清题干，分辨信息的真伪

至少能明确两点：1．选什么；2．围绕什么去选。很多学生题干看的不够仔细或想当然地理解题干的含义，结果把似是而非的答案选了上去。如69题，很多学生忽视了题干中的“you”，想当然地把该题理解为：“向垃圾道里扔废物之前，要干什么？”尽管在第二段谈论这点时，提到了很多项，但像lock the chute doors；check if the container is full；break up the rubbish这些都是不需要人完成的。所以该题正确答案不难选。